SFP Ratings

2023 Possession Splits (Week 0)

 

Possession Splits detail game results, possession by possession, including how each possession began (Poss), the starting (Start) and ending (End) field position of offensive drives measured by yards to the end zone, the number of offensive plays run (Plays) and drive yards gained (Yards), the result of the possession (Result), and the game score at the end of the possession (Score). Value gained or lost on non-garbage, regulation possessions and possession change events is credited to the eventual winning and losing team's offense (OV), defense (DV), special teams kickoff, kickoff return, punt, punt return, and field goal units (SV), and to the value of extra possessions, point-after-touchdown attempts, and field position exchanged on turnovers (XV). The sum of OV, DV, SV, and XV is equal to the game score margin at the conclusion of the possession.

 
 

Jacksonville State 17, UTEP 14
August 26, 2023

 

Game Possessions

Winning Team Splits

Losing Team Splits

GP Half Possession Poss Start End Plays Yards Result Score   OV DV SV XV   OV DV SV XV
1 1 Jacksonville State KO 75 67 5 8 Punt 0-0   -1.92 .00 .00 1.92   .00 1.92 .00 -1.92
2 1 UTEP Punt 95 53 9 42 Down 0-0   -2.12 1.36 .76 .00   -1.36 2.12 -.76 .00
3 1 Jacksonville State Down 47 23 9 24 FG 3-0   -3.22 2.51 1.80 1.92   -2.51 3.22 -.76 -2.95
4 1 UTEP KO 75 58 5 17 Punt 3-0   -3.22 4.42 1.80 .00   -4.42 3.22 -.76 -1.03
5 1 Jacksonville State Punt 80 0 12 80 TD 10-0   1.98 4.37 1.70 1.96   -4.37 -1.98 -.66 -2.99
6 1 UTEP KO 75 26 11 49 FFG 10-0   1.98 4.48 1.70 1.84   -4.48 -1.98 -2.46 -1.07
7 1 Jacksonville State FFG 74 73 3 1 Punt 10-0   .03 4.48 1.70 3.79   -4.48 -.03 -2.46 -3.02
8 1 UTEP Punt 71 39 5 32 Fum 10-0   -.39 6.53 1.98 1.87   -6.53 .39 -2.75 -1.11
9 1 Jacksonville State Fum 61 54 3 7 Punt 10-0   -2.81 7.05 1.98 3.79   -7.05 2.81 -2.75 -3.02
10 1 UTEP Punt 74 0 9 74 TD 10-7   -2.67 2.04 1.80 1.83   -2.04 2.67 -2.56 -1.07
11 2 UTEP KO 75 52 4 23 Int 10-7   -2.67 3.95 1.80 -.08   -3.95 2.67 -2.56 .85
12 2 Jacksonville State Int 59 30 6 29 Down 10-7   -5.18 5.05 1.80 1.33   -5.05 5.18 -2.56 -.57
13 2 UTEP Down 70 67 3 3 Punt 10-7   -5.35 7.13 1.80 -.58   -7.13 5.35 -2.56 1.35
14 2 Jacksonville State Punt 66 0 3 66 TD 17-7   -.62 7.34 1.91 1.37   -7.34 .62 -2.67 -.61
15 2 UTEP KO 75 69 3 6 Punt 17-7   -.62 9.26 1.91 -.54   -9.26 .62 -2.67 1.31
16 2 Jacksonville State Punt 86 26 12 60 FFG 17-7   -.42 9.53 -.49 1.37   -9.53 .42 -2.07 1.19
17 2 UTEP FFG 74 0 8 74 TD 17-14   -.42 4.52 -.49 -.62   -4.52 .42 -2.07 3.18
18 2 Jacksonville State KO 75 54 6 21 Punt 17-14   -2.33 4.52 -.49 1.30   -4.52 2.33 -2.07 1.26
19 2 UTEP Punt 86 69 6 17 Punt 17-14   -2.18 6.12 -.32 -.62   -6.12 2.18 -2.25 3.18
20 2 Jacksonville State Punt 68 62 3 6 Punt 17-14   -4.34 6.39 -.35 1.30   -6.39 4.34 -2.21 1.26
21 2 UTEP Punt 88 24 9 64 Int 17-14   -4.39 7.94 .08 -.62   -7.94 4.39 -2.64 3.18
22 2 Jacksonville State Int 78 80 2 -2 Half 17-14   - - - -   - - - -
 
 

Louisiana Tech 22, Florida International 17
August 26, 2023

 

Game Possessions

Winning Team Splits

Losing Team Splits

GP Half Possession Poss Start End Plays Yards Result Score   OV DV SV XV   OV DV SV XV
1 1 Florida International KO 75 0 3 75 TD 0-7   .00 -5.04 .00 -1.96   5.04 .00 .00 1.96
2 1 Louisiana Tech KO 75 59 8 16 Punt 0-7   -1.92 -5.04 .00 -.04   5.04 1.92 .00 .04
3 1 Florida International Punt 85 77 3 8 Punt 0-7   -1.89 -3.42 .27 -1.96   3.42 1.89 -.27 1.96
4 1 Louisiana Tech Punt 58 45 3 13 Int 0-7   -4.44 -2.85 .33 -.04   2.85 4.44 -.33 .04
5 1 Florida International Int 56 0 5 56 TD 0-14   -5.21 -7.17 .33 -1.95   7.17 5.21 -.33 1.95
6 1 Louisiana Tech KO 74 23 8 51 FG 3-14   -5.19 -7.17 1.39 -.04   7.17 5.19 -.36 -1.00
7 1 Florida International KO 75 26 7 49 FG 3-17   -5.19 -7.05 1.39 -3.15   7.05 5.19 .84 .92
8 1 Louisiana Tech KO 75 20 10 55 FFG 3-17   -4.98 -7.05 -.73 -1.24   7.05 4.98 .84 1.13
9 1 Florida International FFG 80 80 3 0 Punt 3-17   -4.98 -5.29 -.73 -3.00   5.29 4.98 .84 2.89
10 1 Louisiana Tech Punt 64 0 1 64 TD 10-17   -.33 -4.59 -1.04 -1.04   4.59 .33 1.15 .94
11 1 Florida International KO 75 69 3 6 Punt 10-17   -.33 -2.67 -1.04 -2.96   2.67 .33 1.15 2.85
12 1 Louisiana Tech Punt 89 15 9 74 FG 13-17   .52 -2.39 -1.08 -1.04   2.39 -.52 1.82 .30
13 2 Louisiana Tech KO 65 45 7 20 Fum 13-17   -1.75 -2.39 -.73 .87   2.39 1.75 1.47 -1.61
14 2 Florida International Fum 55 65 3 -10 Punt 13-17   -2.52 .29 -.73 -1.04   -.29 2.52 1.47 .30
15 2 Louisiana Tech Punt 75 80 3 -5 Punt 13-17   -4.44 .44 -.87 .87   -.44 4.44 1.61 -1.61
16 2 Florida International Punt 65 58 3 7 Punt 13-17   -5.14 2.71 -.52 -1.04   -2.71 5.14 1.26 .30
17 2 Louisiana Tech Punt 78 44 11 34 Punt 13-17   -6.96 2.65 -.57 .87   -2.65 6.96 1.31 -1.61
18 2 Florida International Punt 80 86 3 -6 Punt 13-17   -6.63 4.41 -.74 -1.04   -4.41 6.63 1.48 .30
19 2 Louisiana Tech Punt 45 29 6 16 FG 16-17   -8.17 5.39 .91 .87   -5.39 8.17 1.22 -2.99
20 2 Florida International KO 75 66 6 9 Punt 16-17   -8.17 7.31 .91 -1.04   -7.31 8.17 1.22 -1.08
21 2 Louisiana Tech Punt 72 26 8 46 FFG 16-17   -8.39 7.48 -.97 .87   -7.48 8.39 1.29 -1.20
22 2 Florida International FFG 74 66 3 8 Punt 16-17   -8.39 9.43 -.97 -1.08   -9.43 8.39 1.29 .75
23 2 Louisiana Tech Punt 69 0 7 69 TD 22-17   -3.55 9.61 -.94 -.12   -9.61 3.55 1.26 -.20
24 2 Florida International KO 75 80 2 -5 Int 22-17   -3.55 11.52 -.94 -2.04   -11.52 3.55 1.26 1.71
25 2 Louisiana Tech Int 39 42 2 -3 Half 22-17   - - - -   - - - -
 
 

Massachusetts 41, New Mexico State 30
August 26, 2023

 

Game Possessions

Winning Team Splits

Losing Team Splits

GP Half Possession Poss Start End Plays Yards Result Score   OV DV SV XV   OV DV SV XV
1 1 Massachusetts KO 75 69 3 6 Punt 0-0   -1.92 .00 .00 1.92   .00 1.92 .00 -1.92
2 1 New Mexico State Punt 75 63 3 12 Int 0-0   -2.19 1.92 .28 .00   -1.92 2.19 -.28 .00
3 1 Massachusetts Int 35 0 3 35 TD 7-0   1.07 3.58 .28 2.07   -3.58 -1.07 -.28 -2.07
4 1 New Mexico State KO 75 59 5 16 Punt 7-0   1.07 5.50 .28 .15   -5.50 -1.07 -.28 -.15
5 1 Massachusetts Punt 95 71 5 24 Punt 7-0   -.29 5.47 -.25 2.07   -5.47 .29 .25 -2.07
6 1 New Mexico State Punt 60 48 4 12 Punt 7-0   -.63 7.94 -.46 .15   -7.94 .63 .46 -.15
7 1 Massachusetts Punt 96 85 4 11 Punt 7-0   -1.93 7.67 -.80 2.07   -7.67 1.93 .80 -2.07
8 1 New Mexico State Punt 57 51 3 6 Punt 7-0   -2.86 10.27 -.56 .15   -10.27 2.86 .56 -.15
9 1 Massachusetts Punt 80 77 3 3 Punt 7-0   -4.62 10.06 -.50 2.07   -10.06 4.62 .50 -2.07
10 1 New Mexico State Punt 85 0 2 85 TD 7-7   -5.20 4.72 .37 .11   -4.72 5.20 -.37 -.11
11 1 Massachusetts KO 75 14 8 61 FG 10-7   -4.70 4.72 .96 2.03   -4.72 4.70 -.37 -2.61
12 1 New Mexico State KO 75 17 8 58 FG 10-10   -4.70 4.36 .96 -.61   -4.36 4.70 .35 -.70
13 2 New Mexico State KO 83 74 3 9 Punt 10-10   -4.70 6.03 1.20 -2.53   -6.03 4.70 .11 1.22
14 2 Massachusetts Punt 67 12 10 55 FG 13-10   -4.40 6.49 1.52 -.61   -6.49 4.40 .29 -1.20
15 2 New Mexico State KO 75 17 10 58 FFG 13-10   -4.40 6.13 1.52 -.25   -6.13 4.40 -1.98 .72
16 2 Massachusetts FFG 80 0 3 80 TD 20-10   .80 6.13 1.52 1.55   -6.13 -.80 -1.98 -1.08
17 2 New Mexico State KO 79 0 3 79 TD 20-17   .80 .96 1.65 -.41   -.96 -.80 -2.11 .87
18 2 Massachusetts KO 75 0 10 75 TD 27-17   5.85 .96 1.65 1.55   -.96 -5.85 -2.11 -1.08
19 2 New Mexico State KO 75 52 3 23 Int 27-17   5.85 2.87 1.65 -.37   -2.87 -5.85 -2.11 .83
20 2 Massachusetts Int - - - - TD 34-17   5.85 3.97 1.65 5.54   -3.97 -5.85 -2.11 -5.07
21 2 New Mexico State KO 75 0 8 75 TD 34-24   5.85 -1.08 1.65 3.58   1.08 -5.85 -2.11 -3.12
22 2 Massachusetts KO 50 45 3 5 Punt 34-24   2.93 -1.08 2.65 5.50   1.08 -2.93 -3.11 -5.03
23 2 New Mexico State Punt 80 76 4 4 Fum 34-24   3.25 .69 2.48 3.58   -.69 -3.25 -2.95 -3.12
24 2 Massachusetts Fum 24 0 2 24 TD 41-24   5.86 3.12 2.48 5.54   -3.12 -5.86 -2.95 -5.07
25 2 New Mexico State KO 75 0 9 75 TD 41-30   - - - -   - - - -
 
 

Notre Dame 42, Navy 3
August 26, 2023

 

Game Possessions

Winning Team Splits

Losing Team Splits

GP Half Possession Poss Start End Plays Yards Result Score   OV DV SV XV   OV DV SV XV
1 1 Notre Dame KO 81 0 13 81 TD 7-0   5.23 .00 -.18 1.96   .00 -5.23 .18 -1.96
2 1 Navy KO 75 37 7 38 Down 7-0   5.23 1.92 -.18 .04   -1.92 -5.23 .18 -.04
3 1 Notre Dame Down 63 0 7 63 TD 14-0   9.84 2.35 -.18 2.00   -2.35 -9.84 .18 -2.00
4 1 Navy KO 75 58 7 17 Punt 14-0   9.84 4.26 -.18 .08   -4.26 -9.84 .18 -.08
5 1 Notre Dame Punt 78 0 4 78 TD 21-0   14.98 4.21 -.23 2.04   -4.21 -14.98 .23 -2.04
6 1 Navy KO 75 19 13 56 FFG 21-0   14.98 3.95 -.23 2.30   -3.95 -14.98 -1.95 -.12
7 1 Notre Dame FFG 80 0 9 80 TD 28-0   20.18 3.95 -.23 4.10   -3.95 -20.18 -1.95 -1.92
8 1 Navy KO 75 77 1 -2 Half 28-0   - - - -   - - - -
9 2 Navy KO 75 68 3 7 Punt 28-0   20.18 5.86 -.23 2.18   -5.86 -20.18 -1.95 .00
10 2 Notre Dame Punt 63 0 6 63 TD 35-0   24.79 6.11 -.03 4.14   -6.11 -24.79 -2.14 -1.96
11 2 Navy KO 94 98 3 -4 Punt 35-0   - - - -   - - - -
12 2 Notre Dame Punt 37 24 5 13 FFG 35-0   - - - -   - - - -
13 2 Navy FFG 76 86 7 -10 Punt 35-0   - - - -   - - - -
14 2 Notre Dame Punt 60 0 7 60 TD 42-0   - - - -   - - - -
15 2 Navy KO 75 13 14 62 FG 42-3   - - - -   - - - -
16 2 Notre Dame KO 73 62 6 11 Half 42-3   - - - -   - - - -
 
 

San Diego State 20, Ohio 13
August 26, 2023

 

Game Possessions

Winning Team Splits

Losing Team Splits

GP Half Possession Poss Start End Plays Yards Result Score   OV DV SV XV   OV DV SV XV
1 1 San Diego State KO 75 31 9 44 FG 3-0   -.47 .00 1.55 1.92   .00 .47 .00 -3.47
2 1 Ohio KO 83 2 13 81 FG 3-3   -.40 -1.18 1.79 -.21   1.18 .40 -.10 -1.48
3 1 San Diego State KO 68 51 3 17 Fum 3-3   -2.56 -1.18 2.03 1.71   1.18 2.56 -.34 -3.40
4 1 Ohio Fum 49 42 4 7 Punt 3-3   -3.61 1.78 2.03 -.21   -1.78 3.61 -.34 -1.48
5 1 San Diego State Punt 89 93 3 -4 Punt 3-3   -5.12 1.42 2.00 1.71   -1.42 5.12 -.30 -3.40
6 1 Ohio Punt 73 73 1 0 Int 3-3   -6.46 3.40 3.26 -.21   -3.40 6.46 -1.57 -1.48
7 1 San Diego State Int 42 21 5 21 FFG 3-3   -7.70 5.65 1.19 .85   -5.65 7.70 -1.57 -.47
8 1 Ohio FFG 79 23 10 56 FG 3-6   -7.70 5.48 1.19 -1.97   -5.48 7.70 -.54 1.32
9 1 San Diego State KO 70 79 4 -9 Punt 3-6   -9.78 5.48 1.36 -.05   -5.48 9.78 -.71 -.60
10 1 Ohio Punt 78 19 8 59 Int 3-6   -10.44 7.30 2.11 -1.97   -7.30 10.44 -1.46 1.32
11 1 San Diego State Int 71 0 7 71 TD 10-6   -5.53 7.11 2.11 .31   -7.11 5.53 -1.46 -.96
12 2 Ohio KO 84 13 18 71 FFG 10-6   -5.53 6.30 2.38 .85   -6.30 5.53 -4.19 .96
13 2 San Diego State FFG 80 80 3 0 Punt 10-6   -7.29 6.30 2.38 2.61   -6.30 7.29 -4.19 -.80
14 2 Ohio Punt 63 51 4 12 Punt 10-6   -8.00 8.65 2.65 .69   -8.65 8.00 -4.46 1.11
15 2 San Diego State Punt 81 4 9 77 FG 13-6   -6.93 8.44 2.89 2.61   -8.44 6.93 -4.49 -1.01
16 2 Ohio KO 68 59 3 9 Punt 13-6   -6.93 10.59 2.64 .69   -10.59 6.93 -4.24 .91
17 2 San Diego State Punt 79 0 11 79 TD 20-6   -1.76 10.57 2.55 2.65   -10.57 1.76 -4.15 -1.05
18 2 Ohio KO 65 0 15 65 TD 20-13   -1.76 5.88 2.19 .69   -5.88 1.76 -3.79 .91
19 2 San Diego State KO 43 35 4 8 Down 20-13   -5.02 5.88 3.54 2.61   -5.88 5.02 -5.14 -1.01
20 2 Ohio Down 65 33 6 32 Int 20-13   -5.38 8.15 3.54 .69   -8.15 5.38 -5.14 .91
 
 

USC 56, San Jose State 28
August 26, 2023

 

Game Possessions

Winning Team Splits

Losing Team Splits

GP Half Possession Poss Start End Plays Yards Result Score   OV DV SV XV   OV DV SV XV
1 1 San Jose State KO 75 47 8 28 Punt 0-0   .00 1.92 .00 -1.92   -1.92 .00 .00 1.92
2 1 USC Punt 80 0 10 80 TD 7-0   5.20 1.63 .13 .04   -1.63 -5.20 -.13 -.04
3 1 San Jose State KO 72 0 12 72 TD 7-7   5.20 -3.32 .03 -1.92   3.32 -5.20 -.03 1.92
4 1 USC KO 75 85 3 -10 Punt 7-7   3.28 -3.32 .03 .00   3.32 -3.28 -.03 .00
5 1 San Jose State Punt 57 60 3 -3 Punt 7-7   2.36 -.72 .28 -1.92   .72 -2.36 -.28 1.92
6 1 USC Punt 92 0 4 92 TD 14-7   7.87 -.72 -.19 .04   .72 -7.87 .19 -.04
7 1 San Jose State KO 75 74 3 1 Punt 14-7   7.87 1.20 -.19 -1.88   -1.20 -7.87 .19 1.88
8 1 USC Punt 52 0 10 52 TD 21-7   12.00 1.65 .26 .08   -1.65 -12.00 -.26 -.08
9 1 San Jose State KO 78 56 4 22 Punt 21-7   12.00 3.47 .36 -1.84   -3.47 -12.00 -.36 1.84
10 1 USC Punt 80 95 3 -15 Punt 21-7   10.24 3.37 .30 .08   -3.37 -10.24 -.30 -.08
11 1 San Jose State Punt 46 0 4 46 TD 21-14   8.80 -.48 .55 -1.88   .48 -8.80 -.55 1.88
12 1 USC KO 75 76 1 -1 Half 21-14   - - - -   - - - -
13 2 USC KO 75 0 10 75 TD 28-14   13.85 -.48 .55 .08   .48 -13.85 -.55 -.08
14 2 San Jose State KO 65 56 6 9 Punt 28-14   13.85 1.79 .20 -1.84   -1.79 -13.85 -.20 1.84
15 2 USC Punt 52 0 5 52 TD 35-14   17.99 1.69 1.21 .12   -1.69 -17.99 -1.21 -.12
16 2 San Jose State KO 75 0 9 75 TD 35-21   17.99 -3.36 1.21 -1.84   3.36 -17.99 -1.21 1.84
17 2 USC KO - - - - TD 42-21   17.99 -3.36 6.25 .12   3.36 -17.99 -6.25 -.12
18 2 San Jose State KO 75 70 3 5 Punt 42-21   17.99 -1.44 6.25 -1.80   1.44 -17.99 -6.25 1.80
19 2 USC Punt 55 0 6 55 TD 49-21   22.26 -1.13 6.71 .16   1.13 -22.26 -6.71 -.16
20 2 San Jose State KO 75 70 3 5 Punt 49-21   22.26 .78 6.71 -1.76   -.78 -22.26 -6.71 1.76
21 2 USC Punt 78 0 9 78 TD 56-21   27.40 1.10 6.30 .20   -1.10 -27.40 -6.30 -.20
22 2 San Jose State KO 85 0 4 85 TD 56-28   - - - -   - - - -
23 2 USC KO - - - - Ons 56-28   - - - -   - - - -
24 2 San Jose State Ons 54 26 6 28 Down 56-28   - - - -   - - - -
25 2 USC Down 74 46 8 28 Down 56-28   - - - -   - - - -
26 2 San Jose State Down 53 17 1 36 Half 56-28   - - - -   - - - -
 
 

Vanderbilt 35, Hawaii 28
August 26, 2023

 

Game Possessions

Winning Team Splits

Losing Team Splits

GP Half Possession Poss Start End Plays Yards Result Score   OV DV SV XV   OV DV SV XV
1 1 Hawaii KO 73 68 3 5 Punt 0-0   .00 1.98 -.07 -1.92   -1.98 .00 .07 1.92
2 1 Vanderbilt Punt 32 0 4 32 TD 6-0   3.09 2.22 1.64 -.96   -2.22 -3.09 -1.64 .96
3 1 Hawaii KO 75 0 8 75 TD 6-7   3.09 -2.82 1.64 -2.92   2.82 -3.09 -1.64 2.92
4 1 Vanderbilt KO - - - - TD 14-7   3.09 -2.82 6.69 .04   2.82 -3.09 -6.69 -.04
5 1 Hawaii KO 70 71 3 -1 Punt 14-7   3.09 -.74 6.52 -1.88   .74 -3.09 -6.52 1.88
6 1 Vanderbilt Punt 84 0 8 84 TD 21-7   8.41 -.39 5.90 .08   .39 -8.41 -5.90 -.08
7 1 Hawaii KO 68 0 5 68 TD 21-14   8.41 -5.19 5.66 -1.88   5.19 -8.41 -5.66 1.88
8 1 Vanderbilt KO 75 36 7 39 Down 21-14   6.49 -5.19 5.66 .04   5.19 -6.49 -5.66 -.04
9 1 Hawaii Down 64 5 5 59 Int 21-14   6.10 -2.88 5.66 -1.88   2.88 -6.10 -5.66 1.88
10 1 Vanderbilt Int 80 81 3 -1 Punt 21-14   4.34 -3.44 5.66 .44   3.44 -4.34 -5.66 -.44
11 1 Hawaii Punt 67 66 5 1 Punt 21-14   3.59 -1.24 6.13 -1.48   1.24 -3.59 -6.13 1.48
12 1 Vanderbilt Punt 69 79 2 -10 Half 21-14   - - - -   - - - -
13 2 Vanderbilt KO 75 71 3 4 Punt 21-14   1.67 -1.24 6.13 .44   1.24 -1.67 -6.13 -.44
14 2 Hawaii Punt 80 83 3 -3 Punt 21-14   1.33 .52 6.63 -1.48   -.52 -1.33 -6.63 1.48
15 2 Vanderbilt Punt 38 0 4 38 TD 28-14   4.76 1.35 7.41 .48   -1.35 -4.76 -7.41 -.48
16 2 Hawaii KO 73 13 12 60 Down 28-14   4.76 3.33 7.34 -1.44   -3.33 -4.76 -7.34 1.44
17 2 Vanderbilt Down 87 0 10 87 TD 35-14   10.15 2.99 7.34 .52   -2.99 -10.15 -7.34 -.52
18 2 Hawaii KO 75 0 8 75 TD 35-21   10.15 -2.06 7.34 -1.44   2.06 -10.15 -7.34 1.44
19 2 Vanderbilt KO 75 33 8 42 Down 35-21   8.24 -2.06 7.34 .48   2.06 -8.24 -7.34 -.48
20 2 Hawaii Down 67 0 6 67 TD 35-28   7.96 -6.82 7.34 -1.48   6.82 -7.96 -7.34 1.48
21 2 Vanderbilt KO 51 42 4 9 Punt 35-28   5.09 -6.82 8.29 .44   6.82 -5.09 -8.29 -.44
22 2 Hawaii Punt 80 75 2 5 Int 35-28   5.45 -5.06 8.09 -1.48   5.06 -5.45 -8.09 1.48
23 2 Vanderbilt Int 27 32 3 -5 Half 35-28   - - - -   - - - -